A Short History of the Chinese in Cuba

The Chinese first arrived in Cuba in significant numbers in the late 1850s to toil in Cuba’s sugarcane fields. At that time, Cuba was arguably the largest producer of sugar in the world. Due to the diminishing African slave trade after England’s abolition of slavery in 1833 and the decline of slavery in the United States, a labor shortage in Cuba led plantation owners to search for workers elsewhere. China emerged as the labor source following deep social upheaval after the First and Second Opium Wars. Changes in the farming system, a surge in population growth, political discontentment, natural disasters, banditry, and ethnic strife—especially in southern China—led many farmers and peasants to leave China and look for work overseas. While some willingly left China for contract work in Cuba, others were coerced into semi-indentured servitude. The First Ship On June 3, 1857, the first ship arrived in Cuba carrying about 200 Chinese laborers on eight-year contracts. In many cases, these Chinese â€Å"coolies† were treated just as the African slaves were. The situation was so severe that the imperial Chinese government even sent investigators to Cuba in 1873 to look into a large number of suicides by Chinese laborers in Cuba, as well as allegations of abuse and breach of contract by plantation owners. Shortly after, the Chinese labor trade was prohibited and the last ship carrying Chinese laborers reached Cuba in 1874. Establishing a Community Many of these laborers intermarried with the local population of Cubans, Africans, and mixed-race women. Miscegenation laws forbade them to marry Spaniards. These Cuban-Chinese began to develop a distinct community. At its height, in the late 1870s, there were more than 40,000 Chinese in Cuba. In Havana, they established â€Å"El Barrio Chino† or Chinatown, which grew to 44 square blocks and was once the largest such community in Latin America. In addition to working in the fields, they opened shops, restaurants, and laundries and worked in factories. A unique fusion Chinese-Cuban cuisine melding Caribbean and Chinese flavors also emerged. Residents developed community organizations and social clubs, such as the Casino Chung Wah, founded in 1893. This community association continues to assist the Chinese in Cuba today with education and cultural programs. The Chinese-language weekly, Kwong Wah Po also still publishes in Havana. At the turn of the century, Cuba saw another wave of Chinese migrants – many coming from California. The 1959 Cuban Revolution Many Chinese Cubans participated in the anti-colonial movement against Spain. There were even three Chinese-Cuban Generals who served pivotal roles in the Cuban Revolution. There still stands a monument in Havana dedicated to the Chinese that fought in the revolution. By the 1950s however, the Chinese community in Cuba was already diminishing, and following the revolution, many also left the island. The Cuban revolution did create an increase in relations with China for a short time. Cuban leader Fidel Castro severed diplomatic ties with Taiwan in 1960, recognizing and establishing formal ties with the People’s Republic of China and Mao Zedong. But the relationship did not last long. Cuba’s friendship with the Soviet Union and Castro’s public criticism of China’s 1979 invasion of Vietnam became a sticking point for China. Relations warmed again in the 1980s during China’s economic reforms. Trade and diplomatic tours increased. By the 1990s, China was Cuba’s second largest trade partner. Chinese leaders visited the island several times in the 1990s and 2000s and further increased economic and technological agreements between the two countries. In its prominent role on the United Nations Security Council, China has long opposed U.S. sanctions on Cuba. The Cuban Chinese Today It’s estimated that Chinese Cubans (those who were born in China) only number about 400 today. Many are elderly residents who live near the run-down Barrio Chino. Some of their children and grandchildren still work in the shops and restaurants near Chinatown. Community groups are currently working to economically revitalize Havana’s Chinatown into a tourist destination. Many Cuban Chinese also migrated overseas. Well-known Chinese-Cuban restaurants have been established in New York City and Miami.

Tom Joad Character Analysis - 946 Words

â€Å"Ill be all around in the dark. Ill be everywhere. Wherever you can look—wherever theres a fight so hungry people can eat, Ill be there,† a quote said by Tom Joad from John Steinbeck’s novel Grapes of Wrath. Written during the great depression, John Steinbeck depicts a Oklahoma family traveling to California for work after losing their farm. The main character Tom Joad is first seen as caring only for himself and his family. By the ending the novel Tom has grown from caring about himself to caring and seeing the whole world as his family. Tom Joad from the beginning of the novel can be seen as a very introverted character who seems to only be worried about his family and himself. In the second chapter we see Tom for the first time†¦show more content†¦This shows the reader that Tom still believes in his own violent system of justice. Instead of coming up with a peaceful way to leave, Tom immediately thinks of a violent way to stop the police even if it might lead to him going to jail. Tom until the near end of the novel is a very violent and careless person. After meeting Jim Casy and traveling to California with his family, Tom starts to change his idea of see others and the world. Well walking to his father’s house, Tom encounters Jim Casy a former preacher he knew. Tom takes a break and they catch up with what is going on with their lives. This is one of the first examples of how Tom is starting to be more social after being in prison for four years. During their talk Casy gives Tom the idea that,†Maybe all men got one big soul everbodys a part of.†(Steinbeck 33) Casy tries to explain to Tom that he believes that everyone in the world are just one big family. This simple idea later makes Tom leave his family so he can go help others in need. Without meeting Casy Tom wouldn’t of become the man we see at the end of the novel. Another example of Tom changing as a character is in chapter 16 where he me ets a one eyed mechanic. Tom feels bad for the guy and decides toShow MoreRelatedEssay about The Grapes of Wrath - Lifestyle in the 1930s1164 Words   |  5 Pagesmain characters of the novel. The novel begins as the main character, Tom Joad, is released from an Oklahoma state prison after serving four years for killing a man. He makes his way back to his family?s farm and meets Jim Casy, a former preacher who is not preaching anymore. He goes with Tom to his home and finds out that it deserted. Muley Graves, an old neighbor, tells that everyone has been expelled off the land. The next day, Tom and Jim go to Uncle Jones place. When they arrive, Tom findsRead MoreThe Grapes of Wrath: The Role of Ma Joad1252 Words   |  6 Pagestrue character in those around us. Those who are strong are divided from the weak and the followers divide from the leaders. In the novel, The Grapes of Wrath, author John Steinbeck presents the character Ma Joad who serves an important role as the rock that keeps the family together. The Joad family, apart from many families in Oklahoma, is forced to leave their homes in search of work and better opportunities; California not only leaves them in poverty but despair. But through it all Ma Joad isRead MoreTheme Of The Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck723 Words   |  3 Pages The Grapes of Wrath Analysis The Grapes of Wrath, written by John Steinbeck, is a novel which demonstrates the lives of families during the Dust Bowl migration of the 1930s and the struggles they faced on their route to California. Throughout the novel, Steinbeck applies his writing style in order to convey the theme and general plot of the novel. To begin, Steinbeck incorporated an informal use of language in this novel. This can be seen through the colloquialism and slang used in theRead MoreBlack Boy And The Grapes Of Wrath Analysis1728 Words   |  7 Pagesnarrative, which is visible through reflection and multiple readings. Moreover, two of her readings on biblical allusions, counter this paper’s readings: â€Å"Plainly, Steinbeck has made the Joads representative of the American pioneer and, by investing them and their story with biblical elements, has made their characters more universal than they could otherwise have been† (194) and â€Å"Thus, the closing scene, in which Rose of Sharon gives her breasts to save a man dying of starvation†¦ The significance ofRead More Damsels in Distress Essay1617 Words   |  7 Pagesdepression the United States suffered through in the 1930’s, which is the time period in which the book was set. Examining his portrayal of the female characters througho ut the book one sees, the women becoming strong, dominant characters, and family leaders. In The Grapes of Wrath, the actions of Ma Joad are used to portray her as the strongest character. We can see this throughout the book even as early as chapter ten, in this chapter the reader feels sympathy for her having been permanently removedRead MoreGrapes of Wrath5357 Words   |  22 PagesKrystal Giffen The Grapes of Wrath Part 1: Literary Analysis 1. A. â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬ËœWhat’s this call, this sperit?’ An’ I says, ‘It’s love†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (page 23, Chapter 4). This quote is an example of an metaphor. The use of this metaphor was to show the reader why the preacher doesn’t preach anymore. The effect the metaphor had on the reader was, for them to see how the preacher really viewed ‘the sperit’. B. â€Å"One cat’ takes and shoves ten families out. Cat’s all over hell now†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (pg. 8, Chapter 2). This quote isRead MoreGrapes of Wrath Ch.5-8 Theme Analysis1845 Words   |  8 PagesOscar Medina AP Lit Per.1 Mr. Royal February 9, 2012 Grapes of Wrath Ch. 5-8 Analysis Ch.5 Theme: A theme found in this chapter is â€Å"The Monster,† or to be more exact, human control. The Monster is the bank, as it takes the money away from all the people. The bank has a power over the people, as they are desperate just to clear their debt fro m the bank. It is as though it is a monster, forcing the people to do whatever is possible, from stealing to scavenging, just to help with the debt. Some areRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1075 Words   |  5 Pagesof Wrath by John Steinbeck, the reader accompanies the Joad family as they struggle to escape the crippling Dust Bowl of the mid- 1930’s. In hopes of establishing a new life for themselves after being forced off their land the family embark on a journey from Oklahoma to California in search of fruitful crops and steady work along with thousands of other families facing the same circumstances. After their migration to a better life, the Joad family’s faith is constantly tested but thei r refusal toRead MoreInterpretations Of The American Dream1718 Words   |  7 Pagesand California. The Joad family in the novel lives for an American Dream, which is to have a secure business and a place to live for good future of their kids. But this dream of Joad family is too tainted by the avarice. The developments of the salesman at the dealership when goods bought the truck at a huge cost and got bad tires, were the result of their utter greed to head for California to make a more serious lifespan. The property owners in California, exploited the Joad family as well as theRead MoreAnalysis Of John Steinbeck s Of Mice And Men 2778 Words   |  12 Pagesis kindness, the family’s greatest strength† which proves to be the Joads’ salvation . The Joads are an Oklahoman family who have lost everything; their land, their possessions, and their home during the Great Depression and Dust Bowl . However, the Joads we able to hold onto their sense of family. The family consisted of Pop , Ma , Grampa, Gramma , Rose of Sharon Joad, Connie, Noah , Uncle John, Ruthie, Winfiel , and Tom Joad. All set on a dangerous and shadow cloaked journey in search of an improved

Project Management RALS Rostering Project

Question: Describe about the Project Management for RALS Rostering Project. Answer: Part One: Measureable Organizational Value The RALS Rostering project will move the institution to a more structured strategic and data information support system for the client. The running of this project will also require the collaboration and multiple inputs from all sectors of the organization. The three business pillars MOV pillars the human capital, financial and organizational solutions will be implemented over the calculated period by utilizing resources from different units. This project thus is going to reflect on the need to record information in much more usable ways and to correlate this information in various dimensions(Larson C.F., 2014). The plan for this charter this has been approached in the above phases. The main area of impact of this project will be geared towards making a better and strategic effective decision at all levels for the institution. The project will also establish and enhance quality information that is needed. It will ensure there is a single source of information that will enable a reduction of conflicting interpretations of data. The project charter will also ensure the institution becomes more transparent and open internally to enable the organization management monitor and manage its strategic planning initiatives in more real-time environment that is accurate with the current data. The objectives of the Rostering project is to implement an information management system that can be used in tracking the companys financial standing and be able to improve the financial process of the company(Armson Whiteley, 2010). This will include the designing of the required software application, programming of each department and coding, testing and the validation of the softw are among the companys clients. Metric Appropriation In order to meet the above objectives for the organization, the following metric target has been developed(Compton, et al., 2014). The main desire for the Rostering project is to increase the market share with regard to managing information of clients in the organization(Fleischmann Stary, 2012). It is thus important that the RALS information system project is able to bring out value to the organization in terms of growth in the market share from 10% to 25 %. In this regard, processing of personal and client data will be much faster enabling customer to enjoy the benefits of improved data collection and storage methods. By developing and implementing the new data collection and storage systems, it can reduce time or processing information of clients to a time 50% less than before. This means that the company will be able to process data at a much faster rate, thus being able to gather and enter more data than was the case before. With this regard, it will also save the company a lot of money. Time Frame As discussed above, the area of impact will be increasing the market share of the company information system with regard to serving its clients better(CDC, 2016). The period for completing Rostering of clients data is estimated to be within 3 minutes per client. However, the growth of market share for the project may take a month or the first quarter once the project will be up and running. With regard, the proposed date for achieving the results or the project will be three months for each activity as the project will run in four quarters of 12 months. MOV Summary This project is going to be successful if there is an increase of clients registering for the needs of the organizations services(Larson C.F., 2014). This include information hosting, file management systems among other data management systems are required by clients. With the increase of clients, project will also be able to increase the companys market share from the current rate to a double of this. With this regard, the company will be able to serve as many clients as possible meaning that the company will be able to realize more revenue. With the increase in the efficiency of managing clients information systems, the company will also be able to expand to new markets and introduce its services over to new grounds. Scope Definition The scope for RALS Rostering project was defined by a very comprehensive requirement as per the collection procedure. First, the consultant conducted a thorough analysis on the organizations current information management system software application with regard the employee user feedback. From data that was collected, the consulting team came up with the project requirements with regard to documentation and management plan and the requirement metric for what the new information management system for the RALS Rostering project should accomplish. The description and deliverables of the project were also develop with regard to the requirement of the Rostering processes and input from the main issue as per the information system design, technical assistance, programming and other organizational applications(Ibbs, et al., 2011). The type of procedure that was done by experts in the field of information systems management provided the much needed feedback. This was also about the most effective ways to collect the original requirements, of improving the information management system for the Rostering project that the company will also be able to improve tracking of revenue among other financial and personnel processes. Scope Management Plan For the RALS Rostering project, scope management will be the total responsibility of the project coordinator. The scope for this project will thus be defined about the scope statement, the breakdown of the work structure, and the work structure dictionary. The project coordinator, the donor and the stakeholder will also be required to establish and approve the documentation for assessing the project scope. This will include the deliverable quality work performance measurement and checklist. Changes in the proposed scope can be initiated by the project coordinator, the stakeholder or other member working with the team. For any request for changes, it will have to be submitted a day earlier to provide the estimate and impact to period and cost if there are any to be adjusted. This will be authorized by the project coordinator who will provide the go ahead for change of scope. After changes are accepted, the project coordinator will submit the change of scope to the management board and donor for acceptance. In the event that the scope change is accepted, the project coordinator will then update all the documentation and communicate the scope change to all stakeholders of the organization. With reference to feedback and input from the project director and other stakeholders, the sponsor / donor of the project funds will be responsible for accepting the final deliverables and project scope. The project coordinator, the donor and team will all play a very important role in the management of the scope of this project. In this regard thus, the project coordinator, the director and the team will have to be aware of their duties and responsibilities. This will ensure that work is performed as required under the project objectives and within the already established scope all through the project duration. Duties and responsibilities Donor: approve the project scope. Make final decision with regard to escalation of the project scope. Accept deliverables at the end of the project period. Name Email / Phone Project Coordinator: He will be the leader in development and planning of the project. Coordinates the project scope. Responsibilities are; identify risks and development of risks, identify deliverables of the project; direct resources to the project team; control the scope and change management; report project status; resolve arising conflicts; ensure that the project delivers stated objectives. Answerable to stakeholders and donor(A.Harzing A.Pinnington, 2011). . Name Email / Phone Team Member: Is part of the project and will work toward ensuring that the project objectives are delivered. Responsibilities will include; gathering of data; understanding the work that needs to be completed; conduct research; gathering and analysis of data and documentation according to project requirements; inform the project coordinator of any issues, challenges with the project scope, quality concerns and risk; communicate project status and manage project expectations. Resources: Budget This will be outsources from different donor organization and equal partners of the organization. The budget will be shared among the donors and provide to the donor for approval. Personnel the project coordinator will publish an advertisement in the newspaper and electronically for positions. After this, an interview will be done and selected personnel will be enrolled in the project. Professional expertise will be paramount in this section. Technology Since RALS engages in Information Technology business, identifying the right software will not be hard. The company will test on different financial information systems software providers before it finally decides on one of them. Other These logistics resources will include meals, transport, communication and hospitality for the project team. This will be sourced at 5% from the total budget. Part 3: Scheduled Work Breakdown Structure Assumptions With regard to this project, the following assumptions are made: That the project will reduce the amount of time used by the organization to make transactions due to improved financial information systems. There will be more revenue collected, since the project will be able to perform a task 2 times faster than the current system. Funding requirements will be met. Part 4: Project Risks Analysis(CDC, 2016) Risk Description Probability of Occurrence Loss Size (Days) Risk Exposure (Days Insufficient Quality Assurance time to validate the new application for systems management 45% 6 2.7 Lack of data to verify performance of new application may affect the ability of stakeholders to realize the overall benefit. 35% 18 6.3 Inability to raise funding for the required budget from donors 25% 7 1.8 User guide may be necessary during testing 25% 18 4.5 Lack of evaluation for backup and restore of information 20% 12 2.4 Part 5: Quality Management Plan The management plan will include the designing, programming and testing of the new financial information management system applications. The verification activities for this project will be a completed information system application for financial management with the ability to modify and expand the application in future. This is described below: Establish Quality Standards The first process will involve establishing the QA and QC standards, this will include the process description, standards of planning and the procedures to which the project team will use. The project coordinator will work with the client to identify and develop the quality process, description, standard and procedures. Identify quality metrics This is the second phase of the planning process. The project coordinator with his team and client will identify metrics based on quality standards established by the project team. This will be refined and documented in updates to the team. Create Quality Checklist The project coordinator and his team together with stakeholders will create and use the quality checklist as an integral part of the implementation process and quality review. Problem Remediation The project coordinator will organize a schedule for separate meetings as required to determine required actions and the process required for improvement. Results of these meetings will be acted upon to improve success of implementation of future projects and other planning activities. Problem Remediation Rationale The project will be verified once the new system is tested in each department of the organization and is known to be compatible with the current information technology structure. References A.Harzing A.Pinnington, 2011. International Human Resource Management. London : Sage Pub. Armson, G. Whiteley, A., 2010. Employees' and managers' accounts of interactive workplace learning: A grounded theory of complex integrative learning. Journal of Workplace Learning, 22(7), pp. 409-427. Armstrong, M., 2012. Armstrong's handbook of management and leadership: developing effective people skills for better leadership and management. s.l.:Kogan Page. CDC, 2016. Examines Safety Solutions to Business Risks. Professional Safety, 61(3), p. 27. Compton, R., Morrissey, W. Nankervis, A., 2014. Effective recruitment and selection practices. 5th ed. Sydney.: CCH Australia. Fleischmann, A. Stary, C., 2012. Whom to talk to? A stakeholder perspective on business process development. Universal Access in the Information Society, 11(2), pp. 125-150. Ibbs, C., Kwak, Y. Wong, C., 2011. Project Change Management System. Journal of Management, 17(3), pp. 159-165. Larson, E. C.F., 2014. Project management: the managerial process. sixth,International student edn. ed. New York, NY.: McGraw-Hill Education.

Social Observation free essay sample

Elam 1 Sam Elam Mr. Unrien Sociology: Hour 5 12 September 2012 Sociology Observation Summary This weekend, I decided to go and observe my dentist office. It’s also a bit more than a dentist office but I didn’t go in the other little buildings they all seemed to have stuff to do. I thought that my dentist office would be a perfect place to do a social observation. I mean think about it everyone has teeth and most people go to dentist so you have a very diverse community. I also went into my dentist office to observe people and I even decided to ride the elevator for a while and see how people are in elevators. I started my observations right inside the building I held the door for people. Of course I always got the classic thank you, I got a few nods from the men who walked in not a single chick gave me a nod the either said thank you or didn’t say anything at all they just blew me off like some preppy person would do. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Observation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I was also surprised that every single man who I held the door for acknowledged me I thought for sure it be the other way around.I found something very strange but the best is some man asked me what I was doing and I simply told him â€Å"I’m holding the door for people to make life a little easier† and he responded by handing me a dollar and said â€Å"well thanks for making my day a little better here’s a dollar hope it make your day† I just laughed and said thank you and he went on his day. Elam 2 The next place I decided to go and observe was the elevator. The building my dentist is in has 4 floors which to improve my situation more verity of business and the business people that work in them. When it comes to observing people in an elevator I believe you have to have a sense of humor to do so. My favorite moment of being in the elevator was when it gets supper crowded. We all get into the elevator and just look, we look at the ceilings, the walls†¦ but we never made contact with anyone else in the elevator its like there all off in there own little world. Some times I would try to start a conversation with someone but it just felt awkward with all the other people around it was a lot easier striking up a conversation when there was only 1 or 2 people in that elevator.I was just thinking about wrapping up my elevator observations I went out to get a drink and was getting tired of awkward when a huge group of business men were walking in, Im guessing they were all coming back from there lunch break it was all just around that time and they all crowded in the elevator in there suits it looked like looking at a checker board. Well there were a ton of people in this eleva tor and there was a dilemma my dentist is on the 3rd floor so I just decided not to even get in the elevator when one of them said â€Å"Awe, Come on in, we can all fit, we can squeeze† so I did and that’s when stuff got real.Of course sense I was the last one in and it was full I walked forward so the door closed to were it was touching my butt I couldn’t even turn around there were so many people, im glad im not claustrophobic, so I stood there†¦ facing everyone in the elevator. No one in the elevator was looking at he ceilings, walls, floor, and or on their phones. They are all facing one way the front and all they could see was me, every single on of their eyes were Elam 3 on me and all I could do was just stare back a little freaked out but I made it to my stop and I went in to my dentist office.I walked in and of course the same receptionist who is there everyday is there and she greets me with â€Å"would you like anything to eat like ice-cream, yogurt, maybe some coffee, I decided to get some ice-cream since I knew I was going to be here for a little so why not enjoy it. I always sit were I usually do right next to the door facing the little waterfall thing on the wall, I like the sound of the water. It also helps drain our the noise of crying children who are having there teeth worked on. In my dentist we have two Mac computers and a play gym thing built into the wall, its pretty sick.Of course when ever a little kid would come in the first thing he would do was either a run to the play gym and crawl up into it or go jump on one of the computers to play some kid games they have on it, and the moms and or dads that brought them all did the same thing the sat down in a chair and read a magazine. Some teenagers came in one actually decided to crawl in the gym it was funny how we all have some kid at heart. But my favorite part was when a teen ager would go up to the computer to play a game, heed get up there start clicking around looking for stuff and then just get off.The Macs in the dentist have a special program that only has kid games no Internet or anything fun like that. I found this amusing because it happened 3 times I found it very funny. I actually had a fun time observing people in this office building I didn’t think there’d be anything to observe but I was surprised to find that there was. I had some confidence Elam 4 building exercises by talking to everyone in the elevator. It was a very interesting time. Im looking forward to my next observation.. But not towards the dentist.